Why God hate Esau?

“Jacob I Loved, Esau I Hated” – Malachi 1:2–3 & Romans 9

When God says, “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated” (Malachi 1:2–3), it can feel unfair. Jacob deceived, while Esau seemed like the victim — so why did God choose Jacob?

Here’s how Scripture unpacks it:

Love and Hate = Choosing and Not Choosing

In Hebrew, “love” and “hate” often mean to choose versus not to choose. It's a hyperbolic expression in Biblical language. Hyperbole means to express a strong preference for one person or thing over another.

Hebrew word for Hate is "Senu'ah" which means "hated" or "unloved" or "less loved than anyone". 

Example: 

1) Jesus says in Luke 14:26 that a disciple must “hate” father and mother - meaning “love less by comparison,” not literal hatred.

2)The same word is used when describing Jacob's two wives, Leah and Rachel. (Gen 29:31) God saw that Leah was hated (loved less not hatred) by Jacob and opened her womb, while Rachel was barren.

So, in Malachi, God is saying He chose Jacob’s line, not Esau’s, for His covenant plan.

God’s Sovereign Choice

Before Jacob and Esau were born, God told Rebekah: “the older will serve the younger” (Gen 25:23). Paul explains in Romans 9:10–13 that this choice was made before they had done anything good or bad - to show God’s plan depends on His mercy, not human effort.

Esau’s Attitude vs. Jacob’s

  • Esau: Despised his birthright (Gen 25:34), trading God’s covenant promise for a meal. Hebrews 12:16 calls him “godless.”

  • Jacob: Though flawed and deceptive, he valued the blessing. Over time, God transformed him into Israel, the one who clings to God.

The Bigger Picture

  • Jacob’s descendants (Israel) carried God’s covenant promises.

  • Esau’s descendants (Edom) stood outside of that role and often opposed Israel.

  • Neither brother was perfect, but God’s redemptive plan required choosing one line, and He chose Jacob’s.

Key Takeaway

“Jacob I loved, Esau I hated” is not about favoritism or fairness. It’s about God’s sovereign choice to bring salvation through Jacob’s line, leading to Jesus.

God’s purposes rest on His mercy, not our merit.

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